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  THE decision-making process Managers at all levels and in all areas of organizations make decisions. That is, they make choices. For instance, top-level managers make decisions about their organization’s goals, where to locate manufacturing facilities, or what new markets to move into. Middle- and lower-level managers make decisions about production schedules, product quality problems, pay raises, and employee discipline. Our focus in this chapter is on how managers make decisions, but making decisions isn’t something that just managers do. All organizational members make decisions that aŽect their jobs and the organization they work for Step 1: Identify a Problem  Your team is dysfunctional, your customers are leaving, or your plans are no longer relevant. Every decision starts with a problem, a discrepancy between an existing and a desired condition. Let’s work through an example. Amanda is a sales manager whose reps need new laptops because their old ones are outdated and inadequa

  THE BROAD PROBLEM AREA A “problem” does not necessarily mean that something is seriously wrong with a current situation that needs to be rectified immediately. A problem could also indicate an interest in an issue where finding the right answers might help to improve an existing situation. Thus, it is fruitful to define a problem as any situation where a gap exists between an actual and a desired ideal state. EXAMPLES OF PROBLEMS Long and frequent delays lead to much frustration among airline passengers. Th ese feelings may eventually lead to switching behavior, negative word‐of‐mouth communication, and customer complaints.  Staff turnover is higher than anticipated.  Th e current instrument for the assessment of potential employees for management positions is imperfect.  Minority group members in organizations are not advancing in their careers.  Th e newly installed information system is not being used by the managers for whom it was primarily designed.  Th e introduction of fl ex

You may be wondering why you need to study management. If you’re majoring in accounting or marketing or any or eld other than management, you may not understand how studying management is going to help your career. We can explain the value of studying management by looking at three things: the universality of management, the reality of work, and the rewards and challenges of being a manager. The Universality of Management . Just how universal is the need for management in organizations? We can say with absolute certainty that management is needed in all types and sizes of organizations, at all organizational levels and in all organizational work areas, and in all organizations, no matter where they’re located. This is known as the universality of management. Management is universally needed in all organizations, so we want to and ways to improve the way organizations are managed. Why? Because we interact with organizations every single day. Organizations that are well managed—and we’ll

In today’s world, managers are dealing with global economic and political uncertainties, changing workplaces, ethical issues, security threats, and changing technology. For example, Dave Maney, the top manager of Headwaters MB, a Denver-based investment bank, had to fashion a new plan during the recession. When the company’s board of directors gave senior management complete freedom to ensure the company’s survival, they made a bold mov. We want to focus on six of these changes: customers, technology, social media, innovation, sustainability, and the employee. Focus on the Customer Managers are recognizing that delivering consistent, high-quality customer service is essential for survival and success in today’s competitive environment. Good customer care pays ož. A recent study found that nearly all customers (92%) whose issue was resolved during rst contact with customer service would likely continue using the company.43 That number drops to about half (51%) for customers

   Pasar : 1.      Setiap orang 2.      Ingin puas 3.      Punya uang 4.      Mau membelanjakannya Sedangkan Pemasaran adalah suatu kegiatan perusahaan dalam membuat rencana, menentukan harga, promosi serta mendistribusikan barang dan jasa. Dalam hal ini adalah tugas dari manager pemasaran. Adapun tujuan utama kegiatan pemasaran : sumber:pexels.com 1.      Jangka pendek Tujuan jangka pendek bagi perusahaan adalah untung secepat mungkin. Artinya dapat menutup semua biaya-biaya produksi yang digunakan, dan jika ada kelebihan maka dikatakan laba/untung 2.      Jangka menengah Tujuan jangka menengah adalah mengusahakan mencapai titik impas antara total biaya produksi dan total volume penjualan, memperluas cakupan promosi, dan berusaha lebih memperbesar cakupan volume penjualan. 3.      Jangka panjang Untuk jangka panjang perusahaan mempertahankan para pelanggan setia agar tetap loyal dengan produknya, antara lain dengan produk yang inovatif, kreatif dan berdaya guna lebih, serta memberikan